gradle

API http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/javadoc/

gradle 中文文档

http://www.android-studio.org/index.php/docs/guide/136-gradle-3

http://www.vogella.com/tutorials/AndroidBuild/article.html

Full User Guide

http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system

Gradle for Android

Simple

build.gradle

task hello {
    doLast {
        println 'Hello world!'
    }
}

gradle 就是 groovy 脚本

Java

Java Plugin

默认路径

• 源码 src/main/java
• 测试 src/test/java
• 资源文件 src/main/resources
• 测试时包含的资源文件 src/test/resources
• 打包目录 build/libs

以 src/main/java/Main.Java 为例

apply plugin: 'java'

jar {
    manifest.attributes("Main-Class": "Main")
}

这样生成一个可运行的 jar 文件。

要在命令行窗口运行，需要Application Plugin。

指定 main class

mainClassName = "Main"

运行 gradle run

Dependencies

dependencies {
    compile group: 'commons-collections', name: 'commons-collections', version: '3.2'
    testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.+'
}

configurations.compile.collect{println it}

需要指定 repositories，一个或多个

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

Script

Project　实例

在　build.gradle 中调用的方法，会先在 build.gradle 查找

找不到再去当前 Project 实例中查找

Android

buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:0.8.+'
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
}


apply plugin: 'android'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 19
    buildToolsVersion "19.0.2"

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 7
        targetSdkVersion 19
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            runProguard false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.txt'
        }
    }
}

task hello{
     println "android:$android"
     sourceSets.all{println it}

}

The closure passed to the buildscript() method configures a ScriptHandler instance

配置 ANDROID_HOME，local.properties

sdk.dir=/.../Android/sdk

Note: srcDir will actually add the given folder to the existing list of source folders (this is not mentioned in the Gradle documentation but this is actually the behavior).

android {
    sourceSets {
        main {
            manifest.srcFile 'AndroidManifest.xml'
            java.srcDirs = ['src']
            resources.srcDirs = ['src']
            aidl.srcDirs = ['src']
            renderscript.srcDirs = ['src']
            res.srcDirs = ['res']
            assets.srcDirs = ['assets']
        }

        androidTest.setRoot('tests')
    }
}

不同的 build type 有何用？

debug release

android { buildTypes { debug { packageNameSuffix ".debug" }

    jnidebug.initWith(buildTypes.debug)
    jnidebug {
        packageNameSuffix ".jnidebug"
        jnidebugBuild true
    }
}

}

packageNameSuffix set its package to be .debug to be able to install both debug and release apk on the same device

Library projects

In the above multi-project setup, :libraries:lib1 and :libraries:lib2 can be Java projects, and the :app Android project will use their jar output.

Build Variants